Determine the spherical harmonic coefficients of a real function rotated by three Euler angles.

## Usage

call SHRotateRealCoef (cilmrot, cilm, lmax, x, dj, exitstatus)

## Parameters

cilmrot : output, real(dp), dimension (2, lmax+1, lmax+1)
The spherical harmonic coefficients of the rotated function, normalized for use with the geodesy 4-pi spherical harmonics.
cilm : input, real(dp), dimension (2, lmax+1, lmax+1)
The input real spherical harmonic coefficients. The coefficients must correspond to geodesy 4-pi normalized spherical harmonics that do not possess the Condon-Shortley phase convention.
x : input, real(dp), dimension(3)
The three Euler angles, alpha, beta, and gamma, in radians.
dj : input, real(dp), dimension (lmax+1, lmax+1, lmax+1)
The rotation matrix dj(pi/2), obtained from a call to djpi2.
lmax : input, integer(int32)
The maximum spherical harmonic degree of the input and output coefficients.
exitstatus : output, optional, integer(int32)
If present, instead of executing a STOP when an error is encountered, the variable exitstatus will be returned describing the error. 0 = No errors; 1 = Improper dimensions of input array; 2 = Improper bounds for input variable; 3 = Error allocating memory; 4 = File IO error.

## Description

SHRotateRealCoef will take the real spherical harmonic coefficients of a function, rotate it according to the three Euler anlges in x, and output the spherical harmonic coefficients of the rotated function. The input and output coefficients must correspond to geodesy 4-pi normalized spherical harmonics that do not possess the Condon-Shortley phase convention. The input rotation matrix dj is computed by a call to djpi2.

The rotation of a coordinate system or body can be viewed in two complementary ways involving three successive rotations. Both methods have the same initial and final configurations, and the angles listed in both schemes are the same.

Scheme A:

(I) Rotation about the z axis by alpha. (II) Rotation about the new y axis by beta. (III) Rotation about the new z axis by gamma.

Scheme B:

(I) Rotation about the z axis by gamma. (II) Rotation about the initial y axis by beta. (III) Rotation about the initial z axis by alpha.

The rotations can further be viewed either as a rotation of the coordinate system or the physical body. For a rotation of the coordinate system without rotation of the physical body, use

x(alpha, beta, gamma).

For a rotation of the physical body without rotation of the coordinate system, use

x(-gamma, -beta, -alpha).

To perform the inverse transform of x(alpha, beta, gamma), use x(-gamma, -beta, -alpha).

Note that this routine uses the “y convention”, where the second rotation is with respect to the new y axis. If alpha, beta, and gamma were originally defined in terms of the “x convention”, where the second rotation was with respect to the new x axis, the Euler angles according to the y convention would be alpha_y=alpha_x-pi/2, beta_x=beta_y, and gamma_y=gamma_x+pi/2.

This routine first converts the real coefficients to complex form using SHrtoc. Then the coefficients are converted to indexed form using SHCilmToCindex, these are sent to SHRotateCoef, the result if converted back to cilm complex form using SHCindexToCilm, and these are finally converted back to real form using SHctor.